Islamic banks are banks that operate under sharia, or Islamic
religious principles. In accordance with the principles of Islam which
prohibits interest or usury system is burdensome, the Islamic banks operate on
a partnership on any business activities on the basis of equality and justice.
The fundamental difference between Islamic banks from conventional banks, among others:
A. Differences in philosophy
The main differences between conventional banks with Islamic banks lies in the foundation philosophy espoused. Islamic banks do not implement the entire system of interest in activities Conventional banks, while just the opposite. This has become a very profound difference to the products developed by Islamic banks, which to avoid the system of interest then the system is the buying and selling developed and implemented in the form of partnerships for results. Thus virtually all types of commercial transactions through Islamic banks are allowed as long as it does not contain elements of interest (riba). Riba is simply the system of compound interest or compound interest in all the process can lead to swelling of the obligations of either party like a snowball effect on the story at the beginning of this article. I highly profitable but be fatal to his bank. Riba, is a potential for huge profit sector in the lead but a huge loss on the other, or even to both.
2. The concept of Customer Funds Management
In the system of Islamic banks in the form of customer funds managed and investment deposits. Way of deposit and investment is clearly different from a conventional bank deposits on which the deposit was an attempt bungakan her money. The concept means the deposit of funds whenever the customer requires, the Islamic banks should be able to comply, as a result of funds deposited into highly liquid. This high liquidity of funds deposited to a less qualified investment fund that requires the deposition. Because the funds are no longer settling alias only the bank deposit should be no yielding. Meanwhile, if customer funds are invested, the investment is because the concept of business risk, meaning that every opportunity to take advantage of the business conducted, in which there are also risks to accept the loss, then between the customer and his bank are equally share both benefits and risks .
In accordance with the functions of the bank as an intermediary financial institutions channeling funds to borrowers saving customers, customer funds collected by way of deposit or investment before then, be used or distributed in commerce that allowed traksaksi the Islamic system. Benefits resulting from the use of customer funds are channeled into a variety of businesses that will be distributed to customers. Results of operations of the Ultra, the greater the profits distributed to the bank and its customers. But if the smaller automated small profit gains are distributed to bank customers. So the concept of revenue sharing can only work if the bank customer funds invested into the business first, then shared his business profits. In contrast to customer deposits in conventional banks, no matter whether these deposits in the channel into the business or not, the bank remains obligated to pay the interest.
Thus for the system to make the size of the profits earned on the size of the customer to follow the Islamic bank profits. The greater advantage of Islamic banks, the greater the profit clients. In contrast to conventional banks, bank profits are not distributed to clients. No matter what the amount of conventional bank profits, customers only pay a percentage of the deposit of funds only.
3. Managing Zakat obligations
Islamic banks are required to be a manager within the meaning of zakat is obliged to pay zakat, compile, and distribute mengadministrasikannya. This is an inherent function and role in Islamic banks to mobilize social funds (zakat. infak, alms)
4. Organizational Structure
In the organizational structure of an Islamic bank is required of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB). DPS oversees the activities of the bank to keep it in accordance with Islamic principles. DPS is dibawahi by the National Sharia Council (DSN). Based on the report of the DPS on each Islamic financial institution, the DSN can provide a warning if the agency deviated. DSN also may submit recommendations to the agency that has such authority Bank Indonesia and the Ministry of Finance to apply a penalty.
The fundamental difference between Islamic banks from conventional banks, among others:
A. Differences in philosophy
The main differences between conventional banks with Islamic banks lies in the foundation philosophy espoused. Islamic banks do not implement the entire system of interest in activities Conventional banks, while just the opposite. This has become a very profound difference to the products developed by Islamic banks, which to avoid the system of interest then the system is the buying and selling developed and implemented in the form of partnerships for results. Thus virtually all types of commercial transactions through Islamic banks are allowed as long as it does not contain elements of interest (riba). Riba is simply the system of compound interest or compound interest in all the process can lead to swelling of the obligations of either party like a snowball effect on the story at the beginning of this article. I highly profitable but be fatal to his bank. Riba, is a potential for huge profit sector in the lead but a huge loss on the other, or even to both.
2. The concept of Customer Funds Management
In the system of Islamic banks in the form of customer funds managed and investment deposits. Way of deposit and investment is clearly different from a conventional bank deposits on which the deposit was an attempt bungakan her money. The concept means the deposit of funds whenever the customer requires, the Islamic banks should be able to comply, as a result of funds deposited into highly liquid. This high liquidity of funds deposited to a less qualified investment fund that requires the deposition. Because the funds are no longer settling alias only the bank deposit should be no yielding. Meanwhile, if customer funds are invested, the investment is because the concept of business risk, meaning that every opportunity to take advantage of the business conducted, in which there are also risks to accept the loss, then between the customer and his bank are equally share both benefits and risks .
In accordance with the functions of the bank as an intermediary financial institutions channeling funds to borrowers saving customers, customer funds collected by way of deposit or investment before then, be used or distributed in commerce that allowed traksaksi the Islamic system. Benefits resulting from the use of customer funds are channeled into a variety of businesses that will be distributed to customers. Results of operations of the Ultra, the greater the profits distributed to the bank and its customers. But if the smaller automated small profit gains are distributed to bank customers. So the concept of revenue sharing can only work if the bank customer funds invested into the business first, then shared his business profits. In contrast to customer deposits in conventional banks, no matter whether these deposits in the channel into the business or not, the bank remains obligated to pay the interest.
Thus for the system to make the size of the profits earned on the size of the customer to follow the Islamic bank profits. The greater advantage of Islamic banks, the greater the profit clients. In contrast to conventional banks, bank profits are not distributed to clients. No matter what the amount of conventional bank profits, customers only pay a percentage of the deposit of funds only.
3. Managing Zakat obligations
Islamic banks are required to be a manager within the meaning of zakat is obliged to pay zakat, compile, and distribute mengadministrasikannya. This is an inherent function and role in Islamic banks to mobilize social funds (zakat. infak, alms)
4. Organizational Structure
In the organizational structure of an Islamic bank is required of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB). DPS oversees the activities of the bank to keep it in accordance with Islamic principles. DPS is dibawahi by the National Sharia Council (DSN). Based on the report of the DPS on each Islamic financial institution, the DSN can provide a warning if the agency deviated. DSN also may submit recommendations to the agency that has such authority Bank Indonesia and the Ministry of Finance to apply a penalty.
Sumber: http://www.wealthindonesia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=513
